Please, please, make this a sticky. I understand that some of this information is outdated but this is an incredible find. This is a paper written by Aaron B. Lerner who worked directly with Dr. Fitzpatrick and they were working on skin coloration, disorders, MSH, ATCH, melanocytes (which by the way they had a hand in creating the name of), Vitiligo. Tyrosine, melanotan (which he helped invent) and many more things that are constantly discussed on this board.
I had no idea that research on all this had begun clear back before and during World War II.
Any way, I implore everyone to read through this fascinating and informative paper. It is written more down to earth so even us laymen can understand 98% of it. And the history of it all, great pictures, information, well, please just read it, it is great!
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1600-0749.1999.tb00753.x?cook
ieSet=1